The energy crisis

https://www.politico.eu/article/how-bad-will-europes-energy-crisis-get/

https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/la-crisi-energetica-e-qui-6-grafici-sullimpatto-della-guerra-nel-golfo-234457

Italy and the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz

https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2026/04/tajani-alla-riunione-su-hormuz-ruolo-onu-decisivo-pronti-a-sostenere-iniziative-per-un-corridoio-umanitario-e-sicurezza-navigazione/

The 16th MAECI–Bank of Italy Conference

https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2026/04/tajani-e-panetta-aprono-la-xvi-conferenza-maeci-banca-ditalia/

The EU's mutual defence clause

Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) is the mutual defence clause, requiring EU member states to provide aid and assistance using "all the means in their power" if another member faces armed aggression on its territory. Activated only once—by France in 2015—it operates individually rather than through EU institutions, respecting neutral states' policies.