Some false friends

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:False_friends_between_English_and_Italian

https://breadcakesandale.com/2012/12/18/english-italian-confusables-and-false-friends-falsi-amici/

https://www.britishinstitute.roma.it/false-friends-inglese/

https://dailyitalianwords.com/a-list-of-20-false-friends-in-english-and-italian/

https://tutorblog.fluentify.com/false-friends-the-most-common-ita-eng-mistakes/

https://ilcentro.net/false-friends-in-italian-words-that-look-familiar-but-arent/

https://instantlyitaly.com/english-italian-false-friends-nouns/

https://instantlyitaly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/English-Italian-False-Friends-1.pdf

https://instantlyitaly.com/italian-language-for-english-speakers-false-friends/

https://ilcentro.net/false-friends-in-italian-words-that-look-familiar-but-arent/ 

Consular Services

 https://www.esteri.it/it/servizi-consolari-e-visti/

https://ambwashingtondc.esteri.it/en/servizi-consolari-e-visti/servizi-per-il-cittadino-italiano/

https://ambwashingtondc.esteri.it/en/servizi-consolari-e-visti/servizi-per-il-cittadino-straniero/

What are the prospects for real European autonomy in terms of defence and deterrence?

Growing tensions in global politics and the current challenges for Europe in 2025 in response to Russia and China’s assertiveness and potential US disengagement – possible future scenarios

Can Europe achieve autonomy at least in terms of conventional warfare? Can it achieve integration and the interoperability of its forces?

https://euractiv.it/section/eu-demos/news/why-the-eu-must-strengthen-its-strategic-autonomy/

https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2025/09/02/eu-sets-military-spending-record-expects-more-growth-in-2025/#:~:text=The%20agency%20said%20it%20expected,States%20has%20higher%20military%20expenditures.

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/security-autonomy-key-to-europes-political-freedom-italian-premier/3763568

https://carnegieendowment.org/europe/strategic-europe/2025/12/unpacking-europes-deterrence-dilemmas?lang=en

https://www.dirittoue.info/european-strategic-autonomy-between-dependence-and-long-term-emancipation/

https://decode39.com/12705/italy-and-u-s-national-security-strategy-eu-reform-continental-defence/

https://commission.europa.eu/topics/defence/future-european-defence_en

https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2025/03/30/europes-defence-industry-on-the-brink-of-transformation/

https://www.eunews.it/en/2025/10/27/defense-eu-lacks-both-an-industrial-base-and-military-research-capacity/

https://www.socialeurope.eu/europes-defence-crisis-why-more-spending-alone-will-not-keep-the-continent-safe

https://www.euractiv.com/news/eu-defence-agency-warns-rising-budgets-still-undermined-by-fragmentation/

France and Britain

https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/britain-and-france-to-coordinate-aircraft-carrier-deployments/

https://www.iiss.org/online-analysis/military-balance/2025/07/ukfrance-defence-a-statement-of-entente-for-wider-european-security/

Drones

https://www.dw.com/en/why-is-europe-struggling-to-defend-against-drones/a-74139551

https://epthinktank.eu/2025/06/04/military-drone-systems-in-the-eu-and-global-context-types-capabilities-and-regulatory-frameworks/

https://www.euractiv.com/news/exclusive-eu-defence-chief-says-drone-wall-could-be-ready-in-a-year/

https://www.iss.europa.eu/publications/briefs/minding-drone-gap-drone-warfare-and-eu

Türkiye

https://www.mei.edu/publications/turkey-not-lost-it-time-other-nato-allies-more-strongly-reengage

https://trendsresearch.org/insight/turkiye-in-nato-what-does-the-alliance-mean-for-ankara-on-its-75th-anniversary/?srsltid=AfmBOoo_pI7xbh1NsyAj5retP0zc4tmMOP_1BcVhVpfqb14bNw2KvgWd

https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/turkey-still-trying-to-find-way-back-to-f-35-program-ps-121025

https://www.oxan.com/insights/turkeys-expanded-role-in-eu-defence-will-benefit-both/

Italy

https://www.startinsight.eu/en/italy-the-2025-2027-defence-white-paper/

https://decode39.com/12705/italy-and-u-s-national-security-strategy-eu-reform-continental-defence/

https://www.eunews.it/en/2025/10/01/security-meloni-to-eu-leaders-there-is-also-a-southern-flank/

Military service

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgj4npzp53o

https://www.eunews.it/en/2024/05/15/european-countries-back-to-discussing-compulsory-military-conscription-nine-still-have-it/

https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/foreign-affairs/why-europe-is-bringing-back-conscription/90324316

Obstacles

https://www.iiss.org/publications/strategic-dossiers/progress-and-shortfalls-in-europes-defence-an-assessment/introduction/

https://www.iris-france.org/en/the-rearm-europe-plan-squaring-the-circle-between-integration-and-national-sovereignty/

https://www.robert-schuman.eu/en/european-issues/802-the-four-challenges-facing-european-defence

https://federalists.eu/federalist-library/a-roadmap-to-european-sovereignty/ !

Grammar - Quantifiers

Explanation

https://www.wallstreetenglish.com/exercises/what-are-quantifiers

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/much-many-a-lot-of-lots-of-quantifiers

https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/Quantifiers_1.pdf

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/a1-a2-grammar/quantifiers-few-a-few-little-a-bit

Exercises

https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-exercises/quantifiers.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/mengen.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/mengen.htm

https://www.grammarbank.com/a-little-a-few-exercise.html

https://agendaweb.org/grammar/quantifiers-quantity-exercises.html

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/much-many-little-few-some-any/

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/quantifiers/quanitifiers-index.htm

 

Grammar - although, even though, though, despite, in spite of

Explanation

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/b1-b2-grammar/contrasting-ideas-although-despite-others

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/in-spite-despite-and-although

https://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/grammar/although-despite.html

https://www.mobberley.cheshire.sch.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Worksheet-14.pdf

Exercises

https://iuuk.mff.cuni.cz/~andrew/EAP/Murphy_p226-7.pdf

https://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/exercises/although-despite-quiz1.html

https://www.myenglishpages.com/grammar-exercise-although/

https://www.grammarbank.com/despite-although-exercise.html#google_vignette

https://english-practice.net/english-grammar-exercises-although-though-even-though-in-spite-of-despite/#google_vignette

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/clauses-contrast-purpose-reason/2/

https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/upper-intermediate/despite-in-spite-of-although-even-though-2

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/however-although-time-connectors/

https://www.myenglishpages.com/grammar-exercise-although/

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/linking-words-contrast-exercise-1.html

https://agendaweb.org/grammar/conjunctions-connectors-exercises.html

 

Grammar - Infinitives and gerunds

https://englishadvanced2.blogspot.com/2013/10/speakout-advanced-p-24-gerunds-and.html

https://it.pinterest.com/pin/43136108926691426/

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/infinitive-gerund/exercises?20 the gerund as a subject of a verb

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/gerund_prepositions2.htm the gerund after a preposition

Verbs followed by the gerund or the infinitive

https://it.pinterest.com/pin/15621929951918964/

https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/verbs-followed-infinitives/

https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/verbs-followed-gerunds/

https://www.engvid.com/english-resource/verbs-followed-by-gerunds-and-infinitives/

https://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/gerund_or_infinitive_same_list.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/gerund_infinitive_difference.htm

exercises

https://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/index.htm

https://agendaweb.org/verbs/infinitive_gerund-exercises.html with links to twenty exercises!

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/gerund-infinitive/gerund-infinitive-index.htm#google_vignette

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/gerunds-and-infinitives-exercise-1.html

 

Le missioni e iniziative italiane all’estero nel 2025

Le missioni militari italiane all’estero nel 2025

https://www.analisidifesa.it/2025/04/le-missioni-militari-italiane-allestero-nel-2025/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CSono%20attualmente%20in%20corso%2039,500%20milioni%20per%20il%202026%E2%80%9D.

https://unipd-centrodirittiumani.it/en/topics/italian-governments-decision-on-participation-in-international-missions-in-2024

Ministero della Difesa

https://www.difesa.it/operazionimilitari/index/26771.html

Operazioni Internazionali in corso

https://www.difesa.it/operazionimilitari/op-intern-corso/operazioni-int/26752.html

Operazioni nazionali in corso

https://www.difesa.it/operazionimilitari/nazionaliincorso/default/26755.html

Operazioni internazionali concluse

https://www.difesa.it/operazionimilitari/op-int-concluse/index/26816.html

Operazioni nazionali concluse

https://www.difesa.it/operazionimilitari/op-naz-concluse/default/27529.html

Missioni umanitarie https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/eventi/2025/11/food-for-gaza-limpegno-umanitario-dellitalia/

https://www.difesa.it/eng/primo-piano/italys-humanitarian-airlift-to-gaza-continues/77145.html

https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2025/11/tajani-annuncia-italia-per-il-sudan-mobilitazione-di-emergenza-per-la-crisi-umanitaria-sudanese/

https://ambdhaka.esteri.it/en/news/dall_ambasciata/2025/10/the-government-of-italy-renewed-today-its-commitment-to-rohingya-refugees-with-a-eur-2-5-million-contribution-to-unhcr-the-un-refugee-agency-bolstering-life-saving-assistance-and-protection-in-bangl/

https://www.iom.int/italy

Missioni per lo sviluppo

https://www.aics.gov.it/news/dialoghi-dallafrica-2025-limpegno-aics-nelle-aree-di-crisi-del-sahel-e-corno-dafrica/?lang=en

https://addisabeba.aics.gov.it/aics/mission/?lang=en

https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/approfondimenti/2025/11/tajani-africa-e-gaza-italia-garante-su-sviluppo-e-ricostruzione-il-mattino-2/

Il Piano Mattei

https://aspeniaonline.it/il-piano-mattei-funziona-una-prima-valutazione/

https://fmes-france.org/en/the-evolution-of-italian-presence-in-africa-towards-an-innovative-policy-approach/

https://www.governo.it/it/piano-mattei

https://www.esteri.it/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/UniPa_Il-Piano-Mattei-per-l%E2%80%99Africa-come-nuovo-modello-di-partenariato.pdf

https://www.africaeaffari.it/aif2025-piano-mattei-via-alla-fase-di-piena-attuazione/

Il Global Gateway dell'Unione europea

https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/policies/global-gateway_en

https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/policies/global-gateway/initiatives-sub-saharan-africa/eu-africa-global-gateway-investment-package_en

https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/how-the-eus-global-gateway-shifted-from-development-to-geostrategic-interest-211706