Don't let your essay become a list of disconnected points! You need a line of argument that shapes and structures your essay. You could start that part with This essay will argue that...
Introduction
A recent or coming
event or statement illustrating Italy's approach to foreign affairs.
e.g. https://ukcop26.org/it/partnership-tra-regno-unito-e-italia/
And then a
description of or theoretical basis for Italian foreign policy e.g. the Italian
Constitution, article 11. Or the idea of three phases of Italian foreign policy
since WWII, rehabilitation and reintegration into the world community, a loyal
member of the Western Alliance during the Cold War but always open to dialogue,
and an active member and supporter of a more independent EU since the end of
the Cold War. Or the idea of Italy's three circles,
or spheres of international relations, the global/Atlantic, European and
Mediterranean spheres or spaces.
For
example, here’s a possible line of argument:
This essay will argue that… Italy’s foreign policy stance and activities
are firmly based on the principles and goals set out at the founding of the
Republic. Thus, Italy is committed, in line with Article 11 of its
constitution, to an active role at all levels within the international
community in order to avoid war wherever possible, resolve conflicts by
peaceful dialogue and negotiation, enhance national and global prosperity, help
manage the global economy and deal with challenges like global warming, the
pandemic and economic crises that can only be met through cooperation and the
use of 'soft power'. The rest of this essay will outline some of Italy's activities
and commitments aimed at achieving these goals.
The Mediterranean
and greater Mediterranean area
Italy
as a bridgehead for Europe to the Arab world and beyond that to Africa. Italy
and Libya, the migrant crisis. Italy's commercial interests in Egypt and North
Africa, support for Middle East dialogue and dialogue with Arab world and
stability and security in this area which is vital for Italy.
Europe
(The EU, and non-EU countries and relations with the Europe’s neighbour, Russia)
The EU, Italy's position on the economic crisis and cooperation, participation
in the Euro (calls for a loosening of the austerity rules), Schengen and calls
for solidarity in dealing with the migrant crisis the current Covid-19
pandemic/the EU Recovery Fund and Italy/participation in EU foreign operations
and support for the European Defence Action
Plan. The prominent roles of Federica Mogherini, former High
Representative of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy in EU, Mario Draghi, former President of the
European Central Bank and now Italian Prime Minister, and for David Sassoli, President
of the European Parliament and Paolo Gentiloni,
European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs.
NATO
Membership
of and participation in NATO operations. Bases in Italy and Italian commanders
in NATO. Italy's relationship with the US.
Italy
at the world level
The UN/
push for UN reform/push for the moratorium on the death penalty/ role in 2017 on UN Security
Council/COP26
The
G20/protecting cultural heritage
Types of diplomacy
and examples of Italy’s approach
the alternative to
hard power (NATO/EU/bilateral operations) is soft power/cultural diplomacy and
use of cultural heritage and lifestyle/economic diplomacy
Conclusion – refer
to another important current Italian initiative or statement not yet mentioned
and explain why you think it is typical of Italian foreign policy e.g. https://www.esteri.it/mae/it/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/approfondimenti/partecipazione-del-ministro-degli-esteri-e-della-cooperazione-internazionale-luigi-di-maio-alla-76ma-assemblea-generale-delle-nazioni-unite.html
You could raise the
question of whether, given the rise of the Lega, future Italian governments
will continue or break with Italy's traditional multilateral, pro-European
approach but perhaps this should wait.
Give real examples – specific policies, missions, events
etc... taken, for example, from the site of the Ministro degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione
Internazionale (https://www.esteri.it/mae/it/)
throughout the essay or Italian embassies, consulates and cultural institutes
abroad.
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