How should Italy, the European Union and Africa respond to the terrorist challenge in the Sahel region and beyond?

 https://www.ispionline.it/sites/default/files/pubblicazioni/ispi-pb_italy_africa_sahel_casola_2021.pdf

https://www.esteri.it/it/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/approfondimenti/2021/07/l-italia-e-il-sahel/

https://formiche.net/2022/01/italia-sahel-takuba-jihad/

https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20220216-barkhane-takuba-sabre-french-and-european-military-missions-in-the-sahel

https://www.interpol.int/es/Delitos/Terrorismo/Proyectos-de-lucha-contra-el-terrorismo/G5-Sahel#:~:text=The%20Sahel%20region%20has%20experienced,of%20porous%20and%20extensive%20borders.

https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/sahel-20-years-war-terror-has-created-more-and-stronger-enemies-31617

https://formiche.net/2022/01/italia-sahel-takuba-jihad/

https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2022/02/03/news/italia-sola-nel-sahel--3641285/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6l46EMmu0g

https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/security-sahel-29314

https://www.criticalthreats.org/briefs/africa-file/africa-file-al-qaedas-sahel-branch-escalates-attacks

https://reliefweb.int/report/world/security-council-presidential-statement-underlines-importance-addressing-terrorism

https://www.un.org/press/en/2021/sc14406.doc.htm

https://www.forzearmate.eu/2021/02/08/parte-la-missione-delle-forze-speciali-italiane-nel-sahel/

https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2021/02/06/news/partono-gli-incursori-italiani-per-un-operazione-antiterrorismo-a-lungo-termine-in-africa-1812019/

https://www.analisidifesa.it/2021/03/le-forze-italiane-nella-task-force-takuba-mentre-il-sahel-si-tinge-di-sangue/

https://it.insideover.com/guerra/forze-speciali-in-sahel-takuba.html

https://ilcaffegeopolitico.net/221580/task-force-takuba-il-contributo-italiano-e-le-circostanze-per-il-suo-successo

https://www.euronews.com/2021/02/16/france-rules-out-troop-withdrawal-from-sahel-to-cut-off-the-head-of-terror-groups

https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/conflict-between-al-qaeda-and-islamic-state-sahel-year-29305

https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/violence-dysfunctional-states-and-rise-jihadi-governance-sahel-29301

https://www.caritas.it/materiali/Mondo/Africa/Burkina_Faso/ddt62_burkina2021.pdf

https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/whats-next-operation-barkhane-sahel-29332

https://www.adnkronos.com/italy-committed-to-human-rights-battling-terrorism-in-the-sahel_790zVsd5Mqzf9Dv5B6z4Gy

https://www.e-ir.info/2021/02/25/remote-warfare-in-the-sahel-and-a-role-for-the-european-union/

https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/sipripp58_3.pdf

https://globalriskinsights.com/2021/01/counter-terrorism-in-the-sahel-can-task-force-takuba-be-a-game-changer-for-france/#:~:text=In%202021%2C%20Task%20Force%20Takuba,initial%20mandate%20of%203%20years.&text=As%20Takuba%20starts%20to%20fully,the%20G5%20Sahel%20remains%20ambiguous.

https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/terrorism-what-italian-intelligence-report-says-29522

https://www.onuitalia.com/2021/06/18/libya-and-sahel-italy-mercenaries-withdrawal-is-key-to-future-of-libya/

https://www.iai.it/it/pubblicazioni/burkina-faso-and-sahel-crisis-what-options-italian-foreign-policy

The energy challenge

https://www.iea.org/reports/key-world-energy-statistics-2020/final-consumption

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-3b.html#:~:text=In%20the%20EU%20in%202019,came%20from%20nuclear%20power%20plants.

https://ourworldindata.org/nuclear-energy

https://www.iea.org/regions/europe

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Energy_statistics_-_an_overview

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2a.html

https://www.dw.com/en/iea-warns-worlds-clean-energy-transition-is-too-slow/a-59488422

https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2021/11/energy-shock-transition/620813/

https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidrvetter/2021/01/25/its-official-in-2020-renewable-energy-beat-fossil-fuels-across-europe/?sh=18ec91a860e8

https://www.dw.com/en/ipcc-depicts-unfolding-climate-emergency/a-60938009

https://www.iea.org/reports/nuclear-power-in-a-clean-energy-system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power#Installed_capacity_and_electricity_production

EU agrees to review membership bids from Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova

https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20220306-live-ukraine-updates-odessa-residents-step-up-defences-as-fears-of-a-russian-attack-grow

The EU and Ukraine?

https://www.statista.com/chart/27001/survey-who-should-defend-ukraine/?utm_source=Statista+Newsletters&utm_campaign=444dcf5579-All_InfographTicker_daily_COM_PM_KW10_2022_Mo&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_662f7ed75e-444dcf5579-338756430 

Russia's Most Important Oil Export Partners

https://www.statista.com/chart/26999/russia-biggest-oil-export-partners/?utm_source=Statista+Newsletters&utm_campaign=c2ab945ae2-All_InfographTicker_daily_COM_PM_KW08_2022_Fr_COPY&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_662f7ed75e-c2ab945ae2-338756430

Russia's main import partners

 https://www.statista.com/chart/26973/russias-most-important-import-partners/?utm_source=Statista+Newsletters&utm_campaign=b1d4b22bda-All_InfographTicker_daily_COM_PM_KW08_2022_Fr_COPY&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_662f7ed75e-b1d4b22bda-338756430

Energy prices

 https://oilprice.com/