The U.S. and China Lead The Space Race 2.0

https://www.statista.com/chart/28667/countries-are-leading-the-space-race-20/?utm_source=Statista+Newsletters&utm_campaign=896c88f3c0-All_InfographTicker_daily_COM_PM_KW45_Wed&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_662f7ed75e-896c88f3c0-338756430

Grammar - inversion for emphasis or formality

 Explanation

Read parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 here carefully:

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/inversion.html

and then

https://www.clarkandmiller.com/inverted-conditionals-have-you-mastered-this-advanced-english-trick/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgNSRr9-Fbo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8zQaJZEfz0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmQH6B9P8r8

https://www.hornerschool.com/inversion-negative-adverbials/

Exercises

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/inversion-exercise-1.html

http://random-idea-english.blogspot.com/2011/05/negative-inversion-practice-exercises.html

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-88760.php

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-116807.php

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b2/inversion-negative-adverbials/

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-89063.php

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b2/inversion-negative-adverbials/

https://www.luizotaviobarros.com/negative-inversion-examples/

 

Climate Change, Global Warming, adaptation and action

What progress is being made to address global climate change? Is it too little, too late?

Evidence and the current situation 2021-22

https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/eight-warmest-years-record-witness-upsurge-climate-change-impacts

https://www.statista.com/chart/28722/global-surface-temperature-anomalies/?utm_source=Statista+Newsletters&utm_campaign=a3bf9e1e30-All_InfographTicker_daily_COM_AM_KW45_2022_Fr&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_662f7ed75e-a3bf9e1e30-338756430

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210108-where-we-are-on-climate-change-in-five-charts

https://climate.nasa.gov/

https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/

https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/resilience-and-adaptation-climate-change-infrastructure-26544

https://www.earthday.org/5-terrifying-climate-change-facts-scare-halloween/

https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/agenda/briefing/2022-04-04/5/climate-change-parliament-to-assess-worrying-new-un-report

https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-58080083

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/apr/24/wealthy-nations-failing-to-help-developing-world-tackle-climate-crisis

the war in Ukraine

https://katoikos.world/analysis/how-the-war-in-ukraine-affects-the-fight-against-climate-change.html

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/16/opinion/ukraine-climate-change-russia.html

https://www.eui.eu/news-hub?id=the-impact-of-the-war-in-ukraine-on-europes-climate-and-energy-policy

https://www.npr.org/2022/04/05/1090955568/the-climate-cost-of-the-war-in-ukraine

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00969-9

Pessimism among the experts

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02990-w

https://www.duurzaam-ondernemen.nl/new-survey-finds-sustainability-experts-remain-pessimistic-about-our-ability-to-avert-major-damage-from-climate-change/

https://newsroom.carleton.ca/story/optimism-experts-climate-change/

Challenges

https://www.ihrb.org/library/top-10/top-ten-issues-in-2022

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/01/the-ev-revolution-obstacles-solutions/

https://www.colorado.edu/ecenter/2022/02/04/challenges-recycling

https://www.veolia.com/en/our-media/newsroom/news/global-recycling-day-2022-circular-economy

https://www.wider.unu.edu/publication/global-recycling-supply-chains-and-waste-picking-developing-countries

Climate Adaption Conferences and programmes

https://www.ecca21.eu/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1XfROy4CYA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1Kp_9k0Xow

https://ec.europa.eu/info/events/ecca-2021-5th-european-climate-change-adaptation-conference-2021-jun-22_en

UN position and reports

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-change/

https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/reports

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-FUxvZACd9c

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toxWbCpYxXg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Om0ImeYs8gg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcsy_gSWV0A

COP27

https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/11/07/climate/cop27-climate-summit

https://www.catf.us/learn/cop27/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIsc71v_Od-wIVQ8TVCh1TDg07EAAYAiAAEgIdMPD_BwE

https://cop27.eg/#/

https://unfccc.int/cop27#:~:text=Building%20on%20the%20outcomes%20and,Sharm%20el%2DSheikh%2C%20Egypt.

COP26

https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/what-were-the-outcomes-of-cop26/

https://ukcop26.org/the-conference/cop26-outcomes/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/51372486

https://ukcop26.org/it/iniziale/

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-55498657

https://sdg.iisd.org/events/2020-un-climate-change-conference-unfccc-cop-26/

https://unric.org/it/levento-youth4climate-driving-ambition-si-terra-a-milano-dal-28-al-30-settembre-2021/

The EU

https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/climate-change/

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210108-where-we-are-on-climate-change-in-five-charts

https://www.iea.org/articles/global-energy-review-co2-emissions-in-2020

https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/cambiamento-climatico-il-futuro-delleuropa-e-nelleconomia-circolare-22566

https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_663

https://ec.europa.eu/clima/sites/clima/files/adaptation/what/docs/eu_strategy_2021.pdf

https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_it

https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en

https://www.euractiv.com/section/climate-environment/news/little-progress-made-in-fifth-round-of-negotiations-on-eu-climate-law/

https://caneurope.org/trade-policy-review-fails-to-propose-the-reforms-needed-to-align-eu-trade-and-climate-policies/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Green_Deal

https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en

US

https://www.ispionline.it/it/tag/cambiamento-climatico

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/04/22/fact-sheet-president-biden-sets-2030-greenhouse-gas-pollution-reduction-target-aimed-at-creating-good-paying-union-jobs-and-securing-u-s-leadership-on-clean-energy-technologies/

https://www.clientearth.org/latest/latest-updates/stories/fossil-fuels-and-climate-change-the-facts/

https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/bidens-climate-summit-zeroes-technology-help-fight-global-warming-2021-04-23/

China

https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/10/12/china-s-transition-to-a-low-carbon-economy-and-climate-resilience-needs-shifts-in-resources-and-technologies

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-56790077

Italy

https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/recovery-coronavirus/recovery-and-resilience-facility/italys-recovery-and-resilience-plan_en

https://www.ecodallecitta.it/iv-rapporto-nazionale-sulleconomia-circolare-in-italia/

https://fasi.eu/it/articoli/12-strategie/24007-strategia-nazionale-economia-circolare.html

https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/verso-il-g20-italiano-clima-energia-e-migrazioni-28090

https://www.climate-change-performance-index.org/country/italy

https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/litalia-e-il-clima-tempi-stretti-ambizioni-insufficienti-22640

https://www.ispionline.it/it/tag/cambiamento-climatico

Outlook

According to the short data-based analysis on the link below, there has been little real progress. You should read it in detail and think about the consequences:

https://globalchange.mit.edu/publications/signature/2021-global-change-outlook#:~:text=By%202100%2C%2095%25%20of%20the,%C2%B0C%20warming%20after%202055.

https://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/oecdenvironmentaloutlookto2050theconsequencesofinaction-keyfactsandfigures.htm

https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-019-02711-4/index.html

https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/energy-economies-climate-change-infographic

https://www.agi.it/estero/clima_cop_25_fallimento-6741814/news/2019-12-15/

but

https://www.enega.it/news/rinnovabili-il-covid-19-non-ferma-la-crescita-delle-fonti-green/

https://irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/March/IRENA_World_Energy_Transitions_Outlook_2021.pdf

https://ourworldindata.org/cheap-renewables-growth

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7LTU61OFjPw

new green technologies

https://medium.com/climate-conscious/10-green-technologies-that-will-change-the-world-9f7a709c1a15

https://mdp.berkeley.edu/sadhika-kumar-top-10-green-technologies-that-give-us-hope-for-a-sustainable-future/

https://theoceancleanup.com/

https://theoceancleanup.com/updates/

https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-technology-perspectives-2020

https://www.euneighbours.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2020-07/Energy_Technology_Perspectives_2020_-_Special_Report_on_Clean_Energy_Innovation.pdf

https://www.iea.org/topics/innovation

https://recyclinginternational.com/magazine/pages/out-now-recycling-technology-2021-pag-15/

https://medium.com/climate-conscious/10-green-technologies-that-will-change-the-world-9f7a709c1a15

https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/exciting-new-green-technology-of-the-future/

living with climate change                                                                 

https://www.newscientist.com/round-up/living-with-climate-change/

https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/how-sustainable-living-can-help-counter-climate-crisis

COP27 updated

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/nov/20/cop27-climate-summit-egypt-key-outcomes

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-03807-0

https://www.wwf.eu/?8170466/COP27finalpressstatement

https://www.france24.com/en/environment/20221106-cop27-in-egypt-kernel-of-hope-or-doomed-for-despair

Il sito del Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale

Foreign Policy and Italian Development Cooperation

You should look at all the opening pages (plus any links or documents mentioned) on the Ministry’s site and take notes, so that at the concorso you have at least a minimum to say about Italy’s position regarding each area or topic. Make sure you look at all the linked sections and read them in English where this is possible. You should take notes and practise your translation skills.

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/

Geographic Focus

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/sahel-e-africa-occidentale/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/sahel-e-africa-occidentale/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/corno-dafrica/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/corno-dafrica/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/africa-australe/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/africa/africa-australe/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/america-del-nord/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/america-del-nord/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/america-latina-e-caraibi/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/america-latina-e-caraibi/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/asia-meridionale/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/rapporti-con-lasia-meridionale/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/asia-sud-orientale-oceania-antartide/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/rapporti-con-lasia-sud-orientale-e-loceania/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/asia-nord-orientale/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/rapporti-con-lasia-nord-orientale/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/organizzazioni/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/asia/organizzazioni/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/relazioni_bilaterali/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/europa_centro-settentrionale/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/europa_meridionale_e_mediterranea/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/europa_centro-orientale/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/balcani/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/balcani/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/balcani/cooperazione-regionale-e-ruolo-dellitalia/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/ooii/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/ooii/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/artico/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/europa/artico/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/mediterr_mo/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/mediterr_mo/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/mediterr_mo/maghreb/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/mediterr_mo/vicino-oriente/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/aree_geografiche/mediterr_mo/penisola-arabica-e-golfo-persico/

The European Union

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/unione_europea/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/unione_europea/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/architettura-istituzionale-ue/ and all the linked sections on the right in Italian and English.

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/architettura-istituzionale-ue/ and all the linked sections on the right in Italian and English.

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/italia_in_ue/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/italia_in_ue/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/consigli/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/dimensione-esterna/ and all the linked sections on the right. Click to put each section in English.

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/politica-commerciale-internazionale/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/politica-commerciale-internazionale/ and all the linked sections on the right. Click to put each section in English.

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/politiche_comuni/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/politica_europea/politiche_comuni/

The sections below are ALL very important

International Organisations and Global Forums

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/

and all the linked sections on the right. Click to put each section in English where possible.

For example – the UN

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/

but

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/la_riforma/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/la_riforma/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/onu_ruolo_italia_nel_peacekeeping/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/onu_ruolo_italia_nel_peacekeeping/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/unesco/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/le-agenzie-specializzate/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/60-anniversario-dell-adesione-dell/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/60-anniversario-dell-adesione-dell/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/74ma-sessione-dellassemblea-generale-delle-nazioni-unite/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/74ma-sessione-dellassemblea-generale-delle-nazioni-unite/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/75ma-sessione-dell-assemblea-generale-delle-nazioni-unite/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/75ma-sessione-dell-assemblea-generale-delle-nazioni-unite/

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/italia_nazioni_unite_pace_sicurezza/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/organizzazioni_internazionali/onu/italia_nazioni_unite_pace_sicurezza/

Global Questions

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/temi_globali/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/temi_globali/

and all the linked sections on the right in Italian and English.

Disarmo

Ambiente ed energia

Lotta al terrorismo

Anticorruzione

Sostenibilità e attuazione agenda 2030

Cybersicurezza

International Cooperation

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/cooperaz_sviluppo/

https://www.esteri.it/en/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/cooperaz_sviluppo/

and all the linked sections on the right in Italian and English.

Legal diplomacy

https://www.esteri.it/it/politica-estera-e-cooperazione-allo-sviluppo/diplomazia-giuridica/

and all the linked sections on the right but they are only available in Italian

The Ministry’s Portals

https://itra.esteri.it/

https://itra.esteri.it/Home/Search