Introduction:
Refer to a recent piece of news about the BRICS or their last summit
meeting. Give a brief description of the BRICS group and why they are
important. Explain the idea of complementarity rather than
similarity. Current intra-BRIC cooperation. How are their economies
performing at the moment.
Line
of argument: This essay will argue that the BRICS are an
important group at the economic level and their activity should be
welcomed by the international community as a way to boost the world
economy and should not be seen as a rival to the existing
institutions of the liberal order but as a complement to them. At the
political level it will be argued that the BRICS are not a coherent
group and do not represent a threat to democratic values although the
evolution of the situation will need to be monitored.
What
are their declared shared aims (take these from summaries of previous
summits)? How much have they achieved so far? How realistic are their
other aims? At the economic level are they dominated by China? The
New Development Bank, the
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB),
the
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
Are
they a threat to developed Western economies and the post-War liberal
order and its existing institutions (the
World Bank, the International Fund and the Asian Development Bank)
or should their expanding role in the global economy be welcomed?
Italy and the BRICS:
Though
they are all likely to play a greater political role in international
relations as their economies grow, will they play that role together
or separately or in alliance with other partners? What differences
are there between them? Chinese-Indian border dispute / China is a
one-party state, Russia an authoritarian state, India, Brazil and
South Africa democracies (if rather dysfunctional). Are some of them
too focused on domestic developments to want to play a major role in
world affairs? Will other developing countries want to join their
group or form alternative groupings.
Conclusion:
I would argue that the growing role of the BRICS in the global
economy should be encouraged and that as a political group they are
likely to each act separately. Russia and China may cooperate on the
UNSC in opposition to the US and its allies but that may provide a
welcome level of restraint in international affairs. However, a
joint operation involving all the BRICS in the style of NATO or a
single, unified position on an international question like Syria or
Venezuela (Russia for Maduro, Bolsonaro for Guaido)
seems
unlikely given their differences in terms of political ideology.
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