Competition for ocean resources

SDG 14 – Life below water

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/oceans/

https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal14

see lines 1277 to 1307 for lack of progress as of 4 June2023

https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2023-06/Advance%20unedited%20GSDR%2014June2023.pdf

Treaty of the High Seas to protect the ocean, tackle environmental degradation, fight climate change, and prevent biodiversity loss.

https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_1382

https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/news/historic-achievement-treaty-high-seas-adopted-2023-06-19_en

https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/ocean/international-ocean-governance_en

https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/competition-and-cooperation-in-the-maritime-domain/

https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/the-mounting-competition-for-ocean-resources

https://chinadialogueocean.net/en/fisheries/13128-blue-acceleration-competition-ocean-resources/

https://www.thewirechina.com/2022/11/06/china-seabed-mining/

https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2016/08/deep-trouble-emerging-resource-competition-deep-sea/

and, not an ocean but...

https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/news/european-commission-supports-new-mediterranean-partnership-teaming-sustainable-blue-economy-2022-11-08_en

The Pacific

https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/4/19/the-battle-for-the-pacific-the-countries-competing-for-control

The Indian Ocean

https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/competition-indian-ocean

The Atlantic

the last part of https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Atlantic_Ocean#:~:text=Natural%20resources%20in%20the%20Atlantic,polymetallic%20nodules%2C%20and%20precious%20stones.

https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/news/atlantic-action-plan-20-revamped-maritime-strategy-foster-sustainable-blue-economy-and-eu-green-deal-2020-07-23_en

The Arctic

https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/10/13/arctic-competition-resources-governance-critical-minerals-shipping-climate-change-power-map/